James Quinn is the managing editor of the Dictionary of Irish Biography. The Dictionary of Irish Biography currently contains almost 9,900 'lives' of prominent men and women born in Ireland, and the noteworthy Irish careers of those born outside Ireland. The scope of the dictionary extends from the earliest times to the twenty-first century. It is an indispensable work of reference for scholars, journalists, broadcasters, diplomats, and the general reader interested in Ireland's past or in biography. The online edition is updated twice yearly.